Add initial video player implementation with controls and error handling

Update the comments in the example config to show that the companion secret key must be exactly 16 characters long as per https://github.com/iv-org/invidious-companion/pull/81#issuecomment-2750675405.

.github/workflows/build-nightly-container.yml

@@ -23,10 +23,17 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
-        with:
-          platforms: arm64
+
+
+      # - name: Set up QEMU
+      #   uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      #   with:
+      #     platforms: arm64
+      - name: Install docker from docker webpage
+        run: |
+          curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
+          sh get-docker.sh
+
 
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
@@ -34,20 +41,18 @@ jobs:
       - name: Login to registry
         uses: docker/login-action@v3
         with:
-          registry: quay.io
-          username: ${{ secrets.QUAY_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.QUAY_PASSWORD }}
+          registry: gitea.ghost.tel
+          username: ${{ secrets.USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.PASSWORD }}
 
       - name: Docker meta
         id: meta
         uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
         with:
-          images: quay.io/invidious/invidious
+          images: gitea.ghost.tel/knight/invidious
           tags: |
             type=sha,format=short,prefix={{date 'YYYY.MM.DD'}}-,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', 'master') }}
             type=raw,value=master,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', 'master') }}
-          labels: |
-            quay.expires-after=12w
 
       - name: Build and push Docker AMD64 image for Push Event
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
@@ -55,7 +60,6 @@ jobs:
           context: .
           file: docker/Dockerfile
           platforms: linux/amd64
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
           push: true
           tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
           build-args: |
@@ -65,23 +69,9 @@ jobs:
         id: meta-arm64
         uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
         with:
-          images: quay.io/invidious/invidious
+          images: gitea.ghost.tel/knight/invidious
           flavor: |
             suffix=-arm64
           tags: |
             type=sha,format=short,prefix={{date 'YYYY.MM.DD'}}-,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', 'master') }}
             type=raw,value=master,enable=${{ github.ref == format('refs/heads/{0}', 'master') }}
-          labels: |
-            quay.expires-after=12w
-
-      - name: Build and push Docker ARM64 image for Push Event
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
-        with:
-          context: .
-          file: docker/Dockerfile.arm64
-          platforms: linux/arm64/v8
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta-arm64.outputs.labels }}
-          push: true
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta-arm64.outputs.tags }}
-          build-args: |
-            "release=1"

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,12 @@
 
 ## vX.Y.0 (future)
 
+## v2.20250504.0
+
+Small release with quick workaround fix for issue #4251 (Nil assertion failed).
+
+PR: https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/issues/5263
+
 ## v2.20250314.0
 
 ### Wrap-up

README.md

@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@
 - [Available in many languages](locales/), thanks to [our translators](#contribute)
 
 **Data import/export**
-- Import subscriptions from YouTube, NewPipe and Freetube
+- Import subscriptions from YouTube, NewPipe and FreeTube
 - Import watch history from YouTube and NewPipe
-- Export subscriptions to NewPipe and Freetube
+- Export subscriptions to NewPipe and FreeTube
 - Import/Export Invidious user data
 
 **Technical features**
@@ -95,11 +95,11 @@
 
 ## Quick start
 
-**Using invidious:**
+**Using Invidious:**
 
 - [Select a public instance from the list](https://instances.invidious.io) and start watching videos right now!
 
-**Hosting invidious:**
+**Hosting Invidious:**
 
 - [Follow the installation instructions](https://docs.invidious.io/installation/)
 
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ https://github.com/iv-org/documentation
 ### Extensions
 
 We highly recommend the use of [Privacy Redirect](https://github.com/SimonBrazell/privacy-redirect#get),
-a browser extension that automatically redirects Youtube URLs to any Invidious instance and replaces
-embedded youtube videos on other websites with invidious.
+a browser extension that automatically redirects YouTube URLs to any Invidious instance and replaces
+embedded YouTube videos on other websites with Invidious.
 
 The documentation contains a list of browser extensions that we recommended to use along with Invidious.
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ We use [Weblate](https://weblate.org) to manage Invidious translations.
 You can suggest new translations and/or correction here: https://hosted.weblate.org/engage/invidious/.
 
 Creating an account is not required, but recommended, especially if you want to contribute regularly.
-Weblate also allows you to log-in with major SSO providers like Github, Gitlab, BitBucket, Google, ...
+Weblate also allows you to log-in with major SSO providers like GitHub, GitLab, BitBucket, Google, ...
 
 
 ## Projects using Invidious

assets/js/player.js

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 'use strict';
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] player.js start');
 var player_data = JSON.parse(document.getElementById('player_data').textContent);
 var video_data = JSON.parse(document.getElementById('video_data').textContent);
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] video_data.params:', JSON.stringify(video_data.params));
 
 var options = {
     liveui: true,
@@ -50,9 +52,27 @@ videojs.Vhs.xhr.beforeRequest = function(options) {
     return options;
 };
 
-var player = videojs('player', options);
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing videojs...');
+var player;
+try {
+    player = videojs('player', options);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] videojs initialized successfully.');
+
+} catch (e) {
+    console.error('[Invidious Debug] videojs initialization FAILED:', e);
+    // Stop further execution if player init fails
+    throw e;
+}
+
+// --- Test listener for loadedmetadata ---
+player.on('loadedmetadata', function() {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: loadedmetadata Fired!');
+});
 
 player.on('error', function () {
+    var error = player.error();
+    console.error('[Invidious Debug] Player Error Event:', error ? error.message : 'Unknown error', 'Code:', error ? error.code : 'N/A', 'Type:', error ? error.type : 'N/A', error);
+
     if (video_data.params.quality === 'dash') return;
 
     var localNotDisabled = (
@@ -70,6 +90,7 @@ player.on('error', function () {
             return source;
         }));
     } else if (reloadMakesSense) {
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player error: Attempting reload in 5 seconds.');
         setTimeout(function () {
             console.warn('An error occurred in the player, reloading...');
 
@@ -86,13 +107,54 @@ player.on('error', function () {
             player.playbackRate(playbackRate);
             if (!paused) player.play();
         }, 5000);
+    } else {
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player error: No specific action taken.');
     }
 });
 
-if (video_data.params.quality === 'dash') {
-    player.reloadSourceOnError({
-        errorInterval: 10
+try {
+    player.on('error', function () {
+        var error = player.error();
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Player Error Event:', error ? error.message : 'Unknown error', 'Code:', error ? error.code : 'N/A', 'Type:', error ? error.type : 'N/A', error);
+
+        // Only reload if not dash or an ad is playing.
+        // Don't reload if the error is Source Not Supported type, as this is used when
     });
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Generic player error listener attached.');
+
+    // Add listener for tech errors (might give more specific MSE/network errors)
+    player.ready(function() {
+        const tech = player.tech_;
+        if (tech) {
+            tech.on('error', function(event) {
+                console.error('[Invidious Debug] Tech Error Event:', event);
+                if (tech.error) {
+                     console.error('[Invidious Debug] Tech Error Details:', tech.error().message, 'Code:', tech.error().code);
+                }
+            });
+             console.log('[Invidious Debug] Tech error listener attached.');
+        } else {
+             console.warn('[Invidious Debug] Could not attach tech error listener.');
+        }
+    });
+} catch (e) {
+    console.error('[Invidious Debug] FAILED attaching error listeners:', e);
+}
+
+if (player.error) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player error listener attached.');
+}
+
+if (video_data.params.quality === 'dash') {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing reloadSourceOnError...');
+    try {
+        player.reloadSourceOnError({
+            errorInterval: 10
+        });
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] reloadSourceOnError initialized.');
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] reloadSourceOnError FAILED:', e);
+    }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -162,116 +224,6 @@ player.on('timeupdate', function () {
     }
 });
 
-
-var shareOptions = {
-    socials: ['fbFeed', 'tw', 'reddit', 'email'],
-
-    get url() {
-        return addCurrentTimeToURL(short_url);
-    },
-    title: player_data.title,
-    description: player_data.description,
-    image: player_data.thumbnail,
-    get embedCode() {
-        // Single quotes inside here required. HTML inserted as is into value attribute of input
-        return "<iframe id='ivplayer' width='640' height='360' src='" +
-            addCurrentTimeToURL(embed_url) + "' style='border:none;'></iframe>";
-    }
-};
-
-if (location.pathname.startsWith('/embed/')) {
-    var overlay_content = '<h1><a rel="noopener" target="_blank" href="' + location.origin + '/watch?v=' + video_data.id + '">' + player_data.title + '</a></h1>';
-    player.overlay({
-        overlays: [
-            { start: 'loadstart', content: overlay_content, end: 'playing', align: 'top'},
-            { start: 'pause',     content: overlay_content, end: 'playing', align: 'top'}
-        ]
-    });
-}
-
-// Detect mobile users and initialize mobileUi for better UX
-// Detection code taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/20293441
-
-function isMobile() {
-  try{ document.createEvent('TouchEvent'); return true; }
-  catch(e){ return false; }
-}
-
-if (isMobile()) {
-    player.mobileUi({ touchControls: { seekSeconds: 5 * player.playbackRate() } });
-
-    var buttons = ['playToggle', 'volumePanel', 'captionsButton'];
-
-    if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.quality === 'dash') buttons.push('audioTrackButton');
-    if (video_data.params.listen || video_data.params.quality !== 'dash') buttons.push('qualitySelector');
-
-    // Create new control bar object for operation buttons
-    const ControlBar = videojs.getComponent('controlBar');
-    let operations_bar = new ControlBar(player, {
-      children: [],
-      playbackRates: [0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0]
-    });
-    buttons.slice(1).forEach(function (child) {operations_bar.addChild(child);});
-
-    // Remove operation buttons from primary control bar
-    var primary_control_bar = player.getChild('controlBar');
-    buttons.forEach(function (child) {primary_control_bar.removeChild(child);});
-
-    var operations_bar_element = operations_bar.el();
-    operations_bar_element.classList.add('mobile-operations-bar');
-    player.addChild(operations_bar);
-
-    // Playback menu doesn't work when it's initialized outside of the primary control bar
-    var playback_element = document.getElementsByClassName('vjs-playback-rate')[0];
-    operations_bar_element.append(playback_element);
-
-    // The share and http source selector element can't be fetched till the players ready.
-    player.one('playing', function () {
-        var share_element = document.getElementsByClassName('vjs-share-control')[0];
-        operations_bar_element.append(share_element);
-
-        if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.quality === 'dash') {
-            var http_source_selector = document.getElementsByClassName('vjs-http-source-selector vjs-menu-button')[0];
-            operations_bar_element.append(http_source_selector);
-        }
-    });
-}
-
-// Enable VR video support
-if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.vr && video_data.params.vr_mode) {
-    player.crossOrigin('anonymous');
-    switch (video_data.projection_type) {
-        case 'EQUIRECTANGULAR':
-            player.vr({projection: 'equirectangular'});
-        default: // Should only be 'MESH' but we'll use this as a fallback.
-            player.vr({projection: 'EAC'});
-    }
-}
-
-// Add markers
-if (video_data.params.video_start > 0 || video_data.params.video_end > 0) {
-    var markers = [{ time: video_data.params.video_start, text: 'Start' }];
-
-    if (video_data.params.video_end < 0) {
-        markers.push({ time: video_data.length_seconds - 0.5, text: 'End' });
-    } else {
-        markers.push({ time: video_data.params.video_end, text: 'End' });
-    }
-
-    player.markers({
-        onMarkerReached: function (marker) {
-            if (marker.text === 'End')
-                player.loop() ? player.markers.prev('Start') : player.pause();
-        },
-        markers: markers
-    });
-
-    player.currentTime(video_data.params.video_start);
-}
-
-player.volume(video_data.params.volume / 100);
-player.playbackRate(video_data.params.speed);
-
 /**
  * Method for getting the contents of a cookie
  *
@@ -351,16 +303,12 @@ if (video_data.premiere_timestamp && Math.round(new Date() / 1000) < video_data.
 }
 
 if (video_data.params.save_player_pos) {
-    const url = new URL(location);
-    const hasTimeParam = url.searchParams.has('t');
-    const rememberedTime = get_video_time();
-    let lastUpdated = 0;
-
-    if(!hasTimeParam) {
-      if (rememberedTime >= video_data.length_seconds - 20)
-        set_seconds_after_start(0);
-      else
-        set_seconds_after_start(rememberedTime);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Setting up player position save/restore...');
+    var lastUpdated = 0;
+    var save_video_time = function(time) {
+        const all_video_times = get_all_video_times();
+        all_video_times[video_data.id] = time;
+        helpers.storage.set(save_player_pos_key, all_video_times);
     }
 
     player.on('timeupdate', function () {
@@ -376,64 +324,138 @@ if (video_data.params.save_player_pos) {
 else remove_all_video_times();
 
 if (video_data.params.autoplay) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Handling autoplay setup...');
     var bpb = player.getChild('bigPlayButton');
     bpb.hide();
 
     player.ready(function () {
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player ready for autoplay.');
         new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
             setTimeout(function () {resolve(1);}, 1);
         }).then(function (result) {
+            console.log('[Invidious Debug] Attempting autoplay...');
+            console.log('[Invidious Debug] Calling player.play() for autoplay...');
             var promise = player.play();
 
             if (promise !== undefined) {
                 promise.then(function () {
+                    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Autoplay successful.');
                 }).catch(function (error) {
+                    console.error('[Invidious Debug] Autoplay FAILED:', error);
                     bpb.show();
                 });
+            } else {
+                console.log('[Invidious Debug] Autoplay started (no promise returned).');
             }
         });
     });
 }
 
 if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.quality === 'dash') {
-    player.httpSourceSelector();
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing httpSourceSelector...');
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player sources BEFORE httpSourceSelector init:', JSON.stringify(player.currentSources()));
 
-    if (video_data.params.quality_dash !== 'auto') {
+    // --- START Pre-Plugin Environment Check ---
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Checking environment before httpSourceSelector call:');
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - typeof window.fetch:', typeof window.fetch);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - typeof window.XMLHttpRequest:', typeof window.XMLHttpRequest);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - typeof window.Promise:', typeof window.Promise);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - typeof window.URL:', typeof window.URL);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - typeof window.DOMParser:', typeof window.DOMParser);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] - videojs.options:', JSON.stringify(videojs.options));
+    // --- END Pre-Plugin Environment Check ---
+
+    try {
+        player.httpSourceSelector(); // This triggers manifest fetch & parsing
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] httpSourceSelector initialized (call successful).'); // Log after call
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Player sources AFTER httpSourceSelector init call:', JSON.stringify(player.currentSources())); // Sources might not update yet
+
+        // Add listener for source changes after httpSourceSelector
+        player.on('sourceset', function() {
+            console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: sourceset triggered. Current sources:', JSON.stringify(player.currentSources())); // Log when sources actually change
+        });
+         console.log('[Invidious Debug] sourceset listener attached.'); // Added
+
+        // Listen for potential errors during quality level processing
         player.ready(function () {
-            player.on('loadedmetadata', function () {
-                const qualityLevels = Array.from(player.qualityLevels()).sort(function (a, b) {return a.height - b.height;});
-                let targetQualityLevel;
-                switch (video_data.params.quality_dash) {
-                    case 'best':
-                        targetQualityLevel = qualityLevels.length - 1;
-                        break;
-                    case 'worst':
-                        targetQualityLevel = 0;
-                        break;
-                    default:
-                        const targetHeight = parseInt(video_data.params.quality_dash);
-                        for (let i = 0; i < qualityLevels.length; i++) {
-                            if (qualityLevels[i].height <= targetHeight)
-                                targetQualityLevel = i;
-                            else
+             // Add listener for quality level errors
+             const qualityLevels = player.qualityLevels();
+             if (qualityLevels) {
+                 qualityLevels.on('error', function(event) {
+                     console.error('[Invidious Debug] QualityLevels Error Event:', event);
+                 });
+                 console.log('[Invidious Debug] QualityLevels error listener attached.'); // Added
+
+                // Log initial quality levels once metadata is loaded
+                player.on('loadedmetadata', function() {
+                    try {
+                         console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: loadedmetadata triggered.'); // Added
+                         const levels = Array.from(player.qualityLevels());
+                         // Log detailed info about each level
+                         console.log('[Invidious Debug] Quality levels after loadedmetadata:', JSON.stringify(levels.map(l => ({id: l.id, width: l.width, height: l.height, bitrate: l.bitrate, enabled: l.enabled}))));
+                    } catch (e) {
+                         console.error('[Invidious Debug] Error logging/processing quality levels:', e); // Added
+                    }
+                });
+                 console.log('[Invidious Debug] loadedmetadata listener attached for quality level logging.'); // Added
+             } else {
+                  console.warn('[Invidious Debug] Could not attach QualityLevels error listener or get levels.'); // Added
+             }
+        });
+
+        if (video_data.params.quality_dash !== 'auto') {
+            console.log('[Invidious Debug] Setting DASH quality:', video_data.params.quality_dash);
+            player.ready(function () {
+                player.on('loadedmetadata', function () {
+                    try {
+                        const qualityLevels = Array.from(player.qualityLevels()).sort(function (a, b) {return a.height - b.height;});
+                        let targetQualityLevel;
+                        switch (video_data.params.quality_dash) {
+                            case 'best':
+                                targetQualityLevel = qualityLevels.length - 1;
                                 break;
+                            case 'worst':
+                                targetQualityLevel = 0;
+                                break;
+                            default:
+                                const targetHeight = parseInt(video_data.params.quality_dash);
+                                for (let i = 0; i < qualityLevels.length; i++) {
+                                    if (qualityLevels[i].height <= targetHeight)
+                                        targetQualityLevel = i;
+                                    else
+                                        break;
+                                }
                         }
-                }
-                qualityLevels.forEach(function (level, index) {
-                    level.enabled = (index === targetQualityLevel);
+                        qualityLevels.forEach(function (level, index) {
+                            level.enabled = (index === targetQualityLevel);
+                        });
+                        console.log('[Invidious Debug] DASH quality levels set.');
+                    } catch (e) {
+                        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Error setting DASH quality levels:', e);
+                    }
                 });
             });
-        });
+        }
+
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] httpSourceSelector FAILED (call threw error):', e); // Log if the call itself fails
     }
 }
 
-player.vttThumbnails({
-    src: '/api/v1/storyboards/' + video_data.id + '?height=90',
-    showTimestamp: true
-});
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing vttThumbnails...');
+try {
+    player.vttThumbnails({
+        src: '/api/v1/storyboards/' + video_data.id + '?height=90',
+        showTimestamp: true
+    });
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] vttThumbnails initialized.');
+} catch (e) {
+    console.error('[Invidious Debug] vttThumbnails FAILED:', e);
+}
 
 // Enable annotations
 if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.annotations) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing annotations...');
     addEventListener('load', function (e) {
         addEventListener('__ar_annotation_click', function (e) {
             const url = e.detail.url,
@@ -468,65 +490,215 @@ if (!video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.annotations) {
                 } else {
                     player.youtubeAnnotationsPlugin({ annotationXml: response, videoContainer: video_container });
                 }
+                console.log('[Invidious Debug] Annotations initialized.');
             }
         });
-
     });
 }
 
-function change_volume(delta) {
-    const curVolume = player.volume();
-    let newVolume = curVolume + delta;
-    newVolume = helpers.clamp(newVolume, 0, 1);
-    player.volume(newVolume);
+player.on('play', function() {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: play triggered. Current source:', JSON.stringify(player.currentSource()));
+});
+
+player.on('playing', function() {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: playing triggered. Playback has started.');
+});
+
+player.on('waiting', function() {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Event: waiting triggered. Buffering or waiting for data.');
+});
+
+var shareOptions = {
+    socials: ['fbFeed', 'tw', 'reddit', 'email'],
+
+    get url() {
+        return addCurrentTimeToURL(short_url);
+    },
+    title: player_data.title,
+    description: player_data.description,
+    image: player_data.thumbnail,
+    get embedCode() {
+        // Single quotes inside here required. HTML inserted as is into value attribute of input
+        return "<iframe id='ivplayer' width='640' height='360' src='" +
+            addCurrentTimeToURL(embed_url) + "' style='border:none;'></iframe>";
+    }
+};
+
+if (location.pathname.startsWith('/embed/')) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing overlay...');
+    try {
+        var overlay_content = '<h1><a rel="noopener" target="_blank" href="' + location.origin + '/watch?v=' + video_data.id + '">' + player_data.title + '</a></h1>';
+        player.overlay({
+            overlays: [
+                { start: 'loadstart', content: overlay_content, end: 'playing', align: 'top'},
+                { start: 'pause',     content: overlay_content, end: 'playing', align: 'top'}
+            ]
+        });
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Overlay initialized.');
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Overlay FAILED:', e);
+    }
 }
 
-function toggle_muted() {
-    player.muted(!player.muted());
+// Detect mobile users and initialize mobileUi for better UX
+// Detection code taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/20293441
+function isMobile() {
+    return typeof window.orientation !== 'undefined' || navigator.userAgent.indexOf('IEMobile') !== -1;
 }
 
-function skip_seconds(delta) {
-    const duration = player.duration();
-    const curTime = player.currentTime();
-    let newTime = curTime + delta;
-    newTime = helpers.clamp(newTime, 0, duration);
-    player.currentTime(newTime);
+if (isMobile()) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Mobile detected, initializing mobile UI...');
+    try {
+        player.mobileUi({ touchControls: { seekSeconds: 5, tapTimeout: 200, disableOnEnd: true } });
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Mobile UI initialized.');
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Mobile UI FAILED:', e);
+    }
 }
 
-function set_seconds_after_start(delta) {
-    const start = video_data.params.video_start;
-    player.currentTime(start + delta);
+if (player.markers && !video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.chapters) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing markers...');
+    var markers = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < video_data.params.chapters.length; i++) {
+        var marker = video_data.params.chapters[i];
+        markers.push({
+            time: marker.start,
+            text: marker.title,
+        });
+    }
+
+    if (markers.length > 1 && markers[0].time === 0 && markers[0].text === 'Intro') {
+        markers.shift();
+    }
+
+    markers.sort((a,b) => (a.time > b.time) ? 1 : ((b.time > a.time) ? -1 : 0));
+
+    var unique_markers = [];
+    var last_time = -1;
+    for (var i = 0; i < markers.length; i++) {
+        var marker = markers[i];
+        if (marker.time <= last_time) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        unique_markers.push(marker);
+        last_time = marker.time;
+    }
+    markers = unique_markers;
+
+    // Add "end" time information to each marker
+    for (var i = 0; i < markers.length; i++) {
+        var marker = markers[i];
+        if (i < markers.length - 1) {
+            marker.end = markers[i+1].time - 0.001;
+        } else {
+            marker.end = player.duration();
+        }
+    }
+
+    player.markers.removeAll();
+
+    // Callback function when a marker is reached
+    function onMarkerReached(marker) {
+        //console.log("marker reached: " + marker.text + " at " + marker.time);
+    }
+
+    try {
+        player.markers({
+            onMarkerReached: onMarkerReached,
+            markers: markers
+        });
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Markers initialized.');
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Markers FAILED:', e);
+    }
+
+    player.currentTime(video_data.params.video_start);
 }
 
+player.volume(video_data.params.volume / 100);
+player.playbackRate(video_data.params.speed);
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] Volume and playback rate set.');
+
+if (player.share) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Initializing share plugin...');
+    try {
+        player.share(shareOptions);
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Share plugin initialized.');
+    } catch(e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Share plugin FAILED:', e);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Method for saving the current video time
+ *
+ * @param {number} seconds
+ */
 function save_video_time(seconds) {
     const all_video_times = get_all_video_times();
     all_video_times[video_data.id] = seconds;
     helpers.storage.set(save_player_pos_key, all_video_times);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for getting the saved video time
+ *
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
 function get_video_time() {
     return get_all_video_times()[video_data.id] || 0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for getting all saved video times
+ *
+ * @returns {Object}
+ */
 function get_all_video_times() {
     return helpers.storage.get(save_player_pos_key) || {};
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for removing all saved video times
+ */
 function remove_all_video_times() {
     helpers.storage.remove(save_player_pos_key);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for setting the video time to a certain percentage
+ *
+ * @param {number} percent
+ */
 function set_time_percent(percent) {
     const duration = player.duration();
     const newTime = duration * (percent / 100);
     player.currentTime(newTime);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for playing the video
+ */
 function play()  { player.play(); }
+
+/**
+ * Method for pausing the video
+ */
 function pause() { player.pause(); }
+
+/**
+ * Method for stopping the video
+ */
 function stop()  { player.pause(); player.currentTime(0); }
+
+/**
+ * Method for toggling play/pause
+ */
 function toggle_play() { player.paused() ? play() : pause(); }
 
+/**
+ * Method for toggling captions
+ */
 const toggle_captions = (function () {
     let toggledTrack = null;
 
@@ -585,10 +757,18 @@ const toggle_captions = (function () {
     };
 })();
 
+/**
+ * Method for toggling fullscreen
+ */
 function toggle_fullscreen() {
     player.isFullscreen() ? player.exitFullscreen() : player.requestFullscreen();
 }
 
+/**
+ * Method for increasing playback rate
+ *
+ * @param {number} steps
+ */
 function increase_playback_rate(steps) {
     const maxIndex = options.playbackRates.length - 1;
     const curIndex = options.playbackRates.indexOf(player.playbackRate());
@@ -597,6 +777,7 @@ function increase_playback_rate(steps) {
     player.playbackRate(options.playbackRates[newIndex]);
 }
 
+// Add event listener for keydown events
 addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
     if (e.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'input') {
         // Ignore input when focus is on certain elements, e.g. form fields.
@@ -685,7 +866,7 @@ addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
             break;
 
         // TODO: More precise step. Now FPS is taken equal to 29.97
-        // Common FPS: https://forum.videohelp.com/threads/81868#post323588
+        // Common FPS: https://forum.videohelp.com/threads/81864#post323588
         // Possible solution is new HTMLVideoElement.requestVideoFrameCallback() https://wicg.github.io/video-rvfc/
         case ',': action = function () { pause(); skip_seconds(-1/29.97); }; break;
         case '.': action = function () { pause(); skip_seconds( 1/29.97); }; break;
@@ -731,9 +912,6 @@ addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {
     player.on('DOMMouseScroll', mouseScroll);
 }());
 
-// Since videojs-share can sometimes be blocked, we defer it until last
-if (player.share) player.share(shareOptions);
-
 // show the preferred caption by default
 if (player_data.preferred_caption_found) {
     player.ready(function () {
@@ -748,6 +926,7 @@ if (player_data.preferred_caption_found) {
 
 // Safari audio double duration fix
 if (navigator.vendor === 'Apple Computer, Inc.' && video_data.params.listen) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Applying Safari listen mode duration fix...');
     player.on('loadedmetadata', function () {
         player.on('timeupdate', function () {
             if (player.remainingTime() < player.duration() / 2 && player.remainingTime() >= 2) {
@@ -759,6 +938,7 @@ if (navigator.vendor === 'Apple Computer, Inc.' && video_data.params.listen) {
 
 // Safari screen timeout on looped video playback fix
 if (navigator.vendor === 'Apple Computer, Inc.' && !video_data.params.listen && video_data.params.video_loop) {
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Applying Safari loop mode screen timeout fix...');
     player.loop(false);
     player.ready(function () {
         player.on('ended', function () {
@@ -770,19 +950,25 @@ if (navigator.vendor === 'Apple Computer, Inc.' && !video_data.params.listen &&
 
 // Watch on Invidious link
 if (location.pathname.startsWith('/embed/')) {
-    const Button = videojs.getComponent('Button');
-    let watch_on_invidious_button = new Button(player);
+    console.log('[Invidious Debug] Adding Watch on Invidious button...');
+    try {
+        const Button = videojs.getComponent('Button');
+        let watch_on_invidious_button = new Button(player);
 
-    // Create hyperlink for current instance
-    var redirect_element = document.createElement('a');
-    redirect_element.setAttribute('href', location.pathname.replace('/embed/', '/watch?v='));
-    redirect_element.appendChild(document.createTextNode('Invidious'));
+        // Create hyperlink for current instance
+        var redirect_element = document.createElement('a');
+        redirect_element.setAttribute('href', location.pathname.replace('/embed/', '/watch?v='));
+        redirect_element.appendChild(document.createTextNode('Invidious'));
 
-    watch_on_invidious_button.el().appendChild(redirect_element);
-    watch_on_invidious_button.addClass('watch-on-invidious');
+        watch_on_invidious_button.el().appendChild(redirect_element);
+        watch_on_invidious_button.addClass('watch-on-invidious');
 
-    var cb = player.getChild('ControlBar');
-    cb.addChild(watch_on_invidious_button);
+        var cb = player.getChild('ControlBar');
+        cb.addChild(watch_on_invidious_button);
+        console.log('[Invidious Debug] Watch on Invidious button added.');
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error('[Invidious Debug] Watch on Invidious button FAILED:', e);
+    }
 }
 
 addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
@@ -792,3 +978,5 @@ addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () {
         changeInstanceLink.href = addCurrentTimeToURL(changeInstanceLink.href);
     });
 });
+
+console.log('[Invidious Debug] player.js finished loading.');

config/config.example.yml

@@ -54,6 +54,53 @@ db:
 ##
 #signature_server:
 
+##
+## Invidious companion is an external program
+## for loading the video streams from YouTube servers.
+##
+## When this setting is commented out, Invidious companion is not used.
+## Otherwise, Invidious will proxy the requests to Invidious companion.
+## 
+## Note: multiple URL can be configured. In this case, invidious will
+## randomly pick one every time video data needs to be retrieved. This
+## URL is then kept in the video metadata cache to allow video playback
+## to work. Once said cache has expired, requesting that video's data
+## again will cause a new companion URL to be picked.
+##
+## The parameter private_url needs to be configured for the internal
+## communication between the companion and Invidious.
+## And public_url is the public URL from which companion is listening
+## to the requests from the user(s).
+##
+## If you are using a reverse proxy then you will probably need to
+## configure the public_url to be the same as the domain used for Invidious.
+## Also apply when used from an external IP address (without a domain).
+## Examples: https://MYINVIDIOUSDOMAIN or http://192.168.1.100:8282
+##
+## Both parameter can have identical URL when Invidious is hosted in
+## an internal network or at home or locally (localhost).
+##
+## Accepted values: "http(s)://<IP-HOSTNAME>:<Port>"
+## Default: <none>
+##
+#invidious_companion:
+#  - private_url: "http://localhost:8282"
+#    public_url: "http://localhost:8282"
+
+##
+## API key for Invidious companion, used for securing the communication
+## between Invidious and Invidious companion.
+## The key needs to be exactly 16 characters long.
+##
+## Note: This parameter is mandatory when Invidious companion is enabled
+## and should be a random string.
+## Such random string can be generated on linux with the following
+## command: `pwgen 16 1`
+##
+## Accepted values: a string (of length 16)
+## Default: <none>
+##
+#invidious_companion_key: "CHANGE_ME!!"
 
 #########################################
 #
@@ -811,9 +858,9 @@ default_user_preferences:
   ## Default video quality.
   ##
   ## Accepted values: dash, hd720, medium, small
-  ## Default: hd720
+  ## Default: dash
   ##
-  #quality: hd720
+  #quality: dash
 
   ##
   ## Default dash video quality.

shard.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: invidious
-version: 2.20250314.0
+version: 2.20250314.0-dev
 
 authors:
   - Invidious team <contact@invidious.io>

src/invidious.cr

@@ -97,6 +97,10 @@ YT_POOL = YoutubeConnectionPool.new(YT_URL, capacity: CONFIG.pool_size)
 
 GGPHT_POOL = YoutubeConnectionPool.new(URI.parse("https://yt3.ggpht.com"), capacity: CONFIG.pool_size)
 
+COMPANION_POOL = CompanionConnectionPool.new(
+  capacity: CONFIG.pool_size
+)
+
 # CLI
 Kemal.config.extra_options do |parser|
   parser.banner = "Usage: invidious [arguments]"
@@ -167,16 +171,9 @@ DECRYPT_FUNCTION =
   if sig_helper_address = CONFIG.signature_server.presence
     IV::DecryptFunction.new(sig_helper_address)
   else
-    LOGGER.warn("WARNING: inv-sig-helper is required for video playback. For more information see https://docs.invidious.io/installation")
     nil
   end
 
-{% for field in %w(po_token visitor_data) %}
-  if !CONFIG.{{field.id}}
-    LOGGER.warn("WARNING: {{field.id}} is required to view and playback videos. For more information see https://docs.invidious.io/installation")
-  end
-{% end %}
-
 # Start jobs
 
 if CONFIG.channel_threads > 0

src/invidious/config.cr

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ struct ConfigPreferences
   property max_results : Int32 = 40
   property notifications_only : Bool = false
   property player_style : String = "invidious"
-  property quality : String = "hd720"
+  property quality : String = "dash"
   property quality_dash : String = "auto"
   property default_home : String? = "Popular"
   property feed_menu : Array(String) = ["Popular", "Trending", "Subscriptions", "Playlists"]
@@ -74,6 +74,16 @@ end
 class Config
   include YAML::Serializable
 
+  class CompanionConfig
+    include YAML::Serializable
+
+    @[YAML::Field(converter: Preferences::URIConverter)]
+    property private_url : URI = URI.parse("")
+
+    @[YAML::Field(converter: Preferences::URIConverter)]
+    property public_url : URI = URI.parse("")
+  end
+
   # Number of threads to use for crawling videos from channels (for updating subscriptions)
   property channel_threads : Int32 = 1
   # Time interval between two executions of the job that crawls channel videos (subscriptions update).
@@ -160,6 +170,12 @@ class Config
   # poToken for passing bot attestation
   property po_token : String? = nil
 
+  # Invidious companion
+  property invidious_companion : Array(CompanionConfig) = [] of CompanionConfig
+
+  # Invidious companion API key
+  property invidious_companion_key : String = ""
+
   # Saved cookies in "name1=value1; name2=value2..." format
   @[YAML::Field(converter: Preferences::StringToCookies)]
   property cookies : HTTP::Cookies = HTTP::Cookies.new
@@ -240,6 +256,27 @@ class Config
         end
     {% end %}
 
+    if config.invidious_companion.present?
+      # invidious_companion and signature_server can't work together
+      if config.signature_server
+        puts "Config: You can not run inv_sig_helper and invidious_companion at the same time."
+        exit(1)
+      elsif config.invidious_companion_key.empty?
+        puts "Config: Please configure a key if you are using invidious companion."
+        exit(1)
+      elsif config.invidious_companion_key == "CHANGE_ME!!"
+        puts "Config: The value of 'invidious_companion_key' needs to be changed!!"
+        exit(1)
+      elsif config.invidious_companion_key.size != 16
+        puts "Config: The value of 'invidious_companion_key' needs to be a size of 16 characters."
+        exit(1)
+      end
+    elsif config.signature_server
+      puts("WARNING: inv-sig-helper is deprecated. Please switch to Invidious companion: https://docs.invidious.io/companion-installation/")
+    else
+      puts("WARNING: Invidious companion is required to view and playback videos. For more information see https://docs.invidious.io/companion-installation/")
+    end
+
     # HMAC_key is mandatory
     # See: https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/issues/3854
     if config.hmac_key.empty?

src/invidious/frontend/watch_page.cr

@@ -23,10 +23,16 @@ module Invidious::Frontend::WatchPage
       return "<p id=\"download\">#{translate(locale, "Download is disabled")}</p>"
     end
 
+    url = "/download"
+    if (CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?)
+      invidious_companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      url = "#{invidious_companion.public_url}/download?check=#{invidious_companion_encrypt(video.id)}"
+    end
+
     return String.build(4000) do |str|
       str << "<form"
       str << " class=\"pure-form pure-form-stacked\""
-      str << " action='/download'"
+      str << " action='#{url}'"
       str << " method='post'"
       str << " rel='noopener'"
       str << " target='_blank'>"

src/invidious/helpers/utils.cr

@@ -383,3 +383,22 @@ def parse_link_endpoint(endpoint : JSON::Any, text : String, video_id : String)
   end
   return text
 end
+
+def encrypt_ecb_without_salt(data, key)
+  cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher.new("aes-128-ecb")
+  cipher.encrypt
+  cipher.key = key
+
+  io = IO::Memory.new
+  io.write(cipher.update(data))
+  io.write(cipher.final)
+  io.rewind
+
+  return io
+end
+
+def invidious_companion_encrypt(data)
+  timestamp = Time.utc.to_unix
+  encrypted_data = encrypt_ecb_without_salt("#{timestamp}|#{data}", CONFIG.invidious_companion_key)
+  return Base64.urlsafe_encode(encrypted_data)
+end

src/invidious/routes/api/manifest.cr

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ module Invidious::Routes::API::Manifest
     id = env.params.url["id"]
     region = env.params.query["region"]?
 
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      invidious_companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      return env.redirect "#{invidious_companion.public_url}/api/manifest/dash/id/#{id}?#{env.params.query}"
+    end
+
     # Since some implementations create playlists based on resolution regardless of different codecs,
     # we can opt to only add a source to a representation if it has a unique height within that representation
     unique_res = env.params.query["unique_res"]?.try { |q| (q == "true" || q == "1").to_unsafe }

src/invidious/routes/embed.cr

@@ -203,6 +203,14 @@ module Invidious::Routes::Embed
       return env.redirect url
     end
 
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      invidious_companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      env.response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] =
+        env.response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"]
+          .gsub("media-src", "media-src #{invidious_companion.public_url}")
+          .gsub("connect-src", "connect-src #{invidious_companion.public_url}")
+    end
+
     rendered "embed"
   end
 end

src/invidious/routes/video_playback.cr

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module Invidious::Routes::VideoPlayback
     end
 
     # Sanity check, to avoid being used as an open proxy
-    if !host.matches?(/[\w-]+.googlevideo.com/)
+    if !host.matches?(/[\w-]+\.(?:googlevideo|c\.youtube)\.com/)
       return error_template(400, "Invalid \"host\" parameter.")
     end
 
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ module Invidious::Routes::VideoPlayback
 
     # See: https://github.com/iv-org/invidious/issues/3302
     range_header = env.request.headers["Range"]?
-    if range_header.nil?
+    sq = query_params["sq"]?
+    if range_header.nil? && sq.nil?
       range_for_head = query_params["range"]? || "0-640"
       headers["Range"] = "bytes=#{range_for_head}"
     end
@@ -256,6 +257,11 @@ module Invidious::Routes::VideoPlayback
   # YouTube /videoplayback links expire after 6 hours,
   # so we have a mechanism here to redirect to the latest version
   def self.latest_version(env)
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      invidious_companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      return env.redirect "#{invidious_companion.public_url}/latest_version?#{env.params.query}"
+    end
+
     id = env.params.query["id"]?
     itag = env.params.query["itag"]?.try &.to_i?
 

src/invidious/routes/watch.cr

@@ -192,6 +192,14 @@ module Invidious::Routes::Watch
       captions: video.captions
     )
 
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      invidious_companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      env.response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] =
+        env.response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"]
+          .gsub("media-src", "media-src #{invidious_companion.public_url}")
+          .gsub("connect-src", "connect-src #{invidious_companion.public_url}")
+    end
+
     templated "watch"
   end
 
@@ -285,6 +293,9 @@ module Invidious::Routes::Watch
     if CONFIG.disabled?("downloads")
       return error_template(403, "Administrator has disabled this endpoint.")
     end
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      return error_template(403, "Downloads should be routed through Companion when present")
+    end
 
     title = env.params.body["title"]? || ""
     video_id = env.params.body["id"]? || ""
@@ -314,10 +325,9 @@ module Invidious::Routes::Watch
       env.params.query["label"] = URI.decode_www_form(label.as_s)
 
       return Invidious::Routes::API::V1::Videos.captions(env)
-    elsif itag = download_widget["itag"]?.try &.as_i
+    elsif itag = download_widget["itag"]?.try &.as_i.to_s
       # URL params specific to /latest_version
       env.params.query["id"] = video_id
-      env.params.query["itag"] = itag.to_s
       env.params.query["title"] = filename
       env.params.query["local"] = "true"
 

src/invidious/videos.cr

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ struct Video
   # NOTE: don't forget to bump this number if any change is made to
   # the `params` structure in videos/parser.cr!!!
   #
-  SCHEMA_VERSION = 2
+  SCHEMA_VERSION = 3
 
   property id : String
 

src/invidious/videos/parser.cr

@@ -108,27 +108,22 @@ def extract_video_info(video_id : String)
   params = parse_video_info(video_id, player_response)
   params["reason"] = JSON::Any.new(reason) if reason
 
-  new_player_response = nil
-
-  # Don't use Android test suite client if po_token is passed because po_token doesn't
-  # work for Android test suite client.
-  if reason.nil? && CONFIG.po_token.nil?
-    # Fetch the video streams using an Android client in order to get the
-    # decrypted URLs and maybe fix throttling issues (#2194). See the
-    # following issue for an explanation about decrypted URLs:
-    # https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipeExtractor/issues/562
-    client_config.client_type = YoutubeAPI::ClientType::AndroidTestSuite
-    new_player_response = try_fetch_streaming_data(video_id, client_config)
-  end
-
-  # Replace player response and reset reason
-  if !new_player_response.nil?
-    # Preserve captions & storyboard data before replacement
-    new_player_response["storyboards"] = player_response["storyboards"] if player_response["storyboards"]?
-    new_player_response["captions"] = player_response["captions"] if player_response["captions"]?
-
-    player_response = new_player_response
-    params.delete("reason")
+  if !CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+    if player_response["streamingData"]? && player_response.dig?("streamingData", "adaptiveFormats", 0, "url").nil?
+      LOGGER.warn("Missing URLs for adaptive formats, falling back to other YT clients.")
+      players_fallback = [YoutubeAPI::ClientType::WebMobile, YoutubeAPI::ClientType::TvHtml5]
+      players_fallback.each do |player_fallback|
+        client_config.client_type = player_fallback
+        player_fallback_response = try_fetch_streaming_data(video_id, client_config)
+        if player_fallback_response && player_fallback_response["streamingData"]? &&
+           player_fallback_response.dig?("streamingData", "adaptiveFormats", 0, "url")
+          streaming_data = player_response["streamingData"].as_h
+          streaming_data["adaptiveFormats"] = player_fallback_response["streamingData"]["adaptiveFormats"]
+          player_response["streamingData"] = JSON::Any.new(streaming_data)
+          break
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   {"captions", "playabilityStatus", "playerConfig", "storyboards"}.each do |f|

src/invidious/views/components/player.ecr

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
                audio_streams.each_with_index do |fmt, i|
                 src_url  = "/latest_version?id=#{video.id}&itag=#{fmt["itag"]}"
                 src_url += "&local=true" if params.local
+                src_url = invidious_companion.public_url.to_s + src_url + 
+                            "&check=#{invidious_companion_encrypt(video.id)}" if (invidious_companion)
 
                 bitrate = fmt["bitrate"]
                 mimetype = HTML.escape(fmt["mimeType"].as_s)
@@ -34,8 +36,12 @@
                 <% end %>
             <% end %>
         <% else %>
-            <% if params.quality == "dash" %>
-                <source src="/api/manifest/dash/id/<%= video.id %>?local=true&unique_res=1" type='application/dash+xml' label="dash">
+            <% if params.quality == "dash"
+               src_url = "/api/manifest/dash/id/" + video.id + "?local=true&unique_res=1"
+               src_url = invidious_companion.public_url.to_s + src_url +
+                            "&check=#{invidious_companion_encrypt(video.id)}" if (invidious_companion)
+            %>
+                <source src="<%= src_url %>" type='application/dash+xml' label="dash">
             <% end %>
 
             <%
@@ -44,6 +50,8 @@
             fmt_stream.each_with_index do |fmt, i|
                 src_url  = "/latest_version?id=#{video.id}&itag=#{fmt["itag"]}"
                 src_url += "&local=true" if params.local
+                src_url = invidious_companion.public_url.to_s + src_url +
+                            "&check=#{invidious_companion_encrypt(video.id)}" if (invidious_companion)
 
                 quality = fmt["quality"]
                 mimetype = HTML.escape(fmt["mimeType"].as_s)

src/invidious/yt_backend/connection_pool.cr

@@ -46,6 +46,43 @@ struct YoutubeConnectionPool
   end
 end
 
+struct CompanionConnectionPool
+  property pool : DB::Pool(HTTP::Client)
+
+  def initialize(capacity = 5, timeout = 5.0)
+    options = DB::Pool::Options.new(
+      initial_pool_size: 0,
+      max_pool_size: capacity,
+      max_idle_pool_size: capacity,
+      checkout_timeout: timeout
+    )
+
+    @pool = DB::Pool(HTTP::Client).new(options) do
+      companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      next make_client(companion.private_url, use_http_proxy: false)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def client(&)
+    conn = pool.checkout
+
+    begin
+      response = yield conn
+    rescue ex
+      conn.close
+
+      companion = CONFIG.invidious_companion.sample
+      conn = make_client(companion.private_url, use_http_proxy: false)
+
+      response = yield conn
+    ensure
+      pool.release(conn)
+    end
+
+    response
+  end
+end
+
 def add_yt_headers(request)
   request.headers.delete("User-Agent") if request.headers["User-Agent"] == "Crystal"
   request.headers["User-Agent"] ||= "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
@@ -61,9 +98,9 @@ def add_yt_headers(request)
   end
 end
 
-def make_client(url : URI, region = nil, force_resolve : Bool = false, force_youtube_headers : Bool = false)
+def make_client(url : URI, region = nil, force_resolve : Bool = false, force_youtube_headers : Bool = false, use_http_proxy : Bool = true)
   client = HTTP::Client.new(url)
-  client.proxy = make_configured_http_proxy_client() if CONFIG.http_proxy
+  client.proxy = make_configured_http_proxy_client() if CONFIG.http_proxy && use_http_proxy
 
   # Force the usage of a specific configured IP Family
   if force_resolve
@@ -78,8 +115,8 @@ def make_client(url : URI, region = nil, force_resolve : Bool = false, force_you
   return client
 end
 
-def make_client(url : URI, region = nil, force_resolve : Bool = false, &)
-  client = make_client(url, region, force_resolve: force_resolve)
+def make_client(url : URI, region = nil, force_resolve : Bool = false, use_http_proxy : Bool = true, &)
+  client = make_client(url, region, force_resolve: force_resolve, use_http_proxy: use_http_proxy)
   begin
     yield client
   ensure

src/invidious/yt_backend/youtube_api.cr

@@ -500,7 +500,11 @@ module YoutubeAPI
       data["params"] = params
     end
 
-    return self._post_json("/youtubei/v1/player", data, client_config)
+    if CONFIG.invidious_companion.present?
+      return self._post_invidious_companion("/youtubei/v1/player", data)
+    else
+      return self._post_json("/youtubei/v1/player", data, client_config)
+    end
   end
 
   ####################################################################
@@ -666,6 +670,49 @@ module YoutubeAPI
     return initial_data
   end
 
+  ####################################################################
+  # _post_invidious_companion(endpoint, data)
+  #
+  # Internal function that does the actual request to Invidious companion
+  # and handles errors.
+  #
+  # The requested data is an endpoint (URL without the domain part)
+  # and the data as a Hash object.
+  #
+  def _post_invidious_companion(
+    endpoint : String,
+    data : Hash,
+  ) : Hash(String, JSON::Any)
+    headers = HTTP::Headers{
+      "Content-Type"  => "application/json; charset=UTF-8",
+      "Authorization" => "Bearer #{CONFIG.invidious_companion_key}",
+    }
+
+    # Logging
+    LOGGER.debug("Invidious companion: Using endpoint: \"#{endpoint}\"")
+    LOGGER.trace("Invidious companion: POST data: #{data}")
+
+    # Send the POST request
+
+    begin
+      response = COMPANION_POOL.client &.post(endpoint, headers: headers, body: data.to_json)
+      body = response.body
+      if (response.status_code != 200)
+        raise Exception.new(
+          "Error while communicating with Invidious companion: \
+          status code: #{response.status_code} and body: #{body.dump}"
+        )
+      end
+    rescue ex
+      raise InfoException.new("Error while communicating with Invidious companion: " + (ex.message || "no extra info found"))
+    end
+
+    # Convert result to Hash
+    initial_data = JSON.parse(body).as_h
+
+    return initial_data
+  end
+
   ####################################################################
   # _decompress(body_io, headers)
   #